Lets Fire All the Managers

Already title is caching our attention : â€Å"First, Let's Fire All the Managers†. Intriguing start changes in the list of charges against the modern management system. The author is showing his critic for complicated system, where we have hundreds of managers in various level. He lists three main problems. As first is the costs of management which is very expensive. At second he shows that typical management hierarchy increases the risk of â€Å"calamitous† decisions with bad judgment. And as third multitiered management structure systematically disempowers lower-level employees. For all this three he is giving examples to make sure that readers will understand the problem. After that there is a lot of information about how this system is working and how the place of work is organized. So now we have question. Wouldn’t it be great if we could achieve high levels of coordination without a supervisory superstructure? To confirm theory author is giving very strong arguments by describing new management model called self-management which is in use at American company Morning Star. There are no employees, there are only â€Å"colleagues† which are taking personal responsibility for what they have done. And each person is at the same level. So if there is any problem other colleagues going to help to resolve it. There are no managers all the decision are made in the group of employees : â€Å"Around here, nobody’s your boss and everybody’s your boss. † To be sure that each employee now what he is doing and what kind of opportunities standing in front of him there are management courses , seminars which provide necessary information. As author is showing company have got only great achievement and there is only few small disadvantages. He is giving very strong arguments about almost â€Å"utopia† organization where everybody are happy. Everything sounds perfect but is it real? Using the Google’s I found Morning Star company. â€Å"One of the best, world’s leading tomato ingredient processor†. And as author shows, they have got self-management system in use. As a founders of the new system they create website â€Å"Self-management Institute† which provide all necessary information about new system . Self-Management is an organizational model where functions of a manager (planning, coordinating, controlling, staffing and directing) are pushed out to all participants in the organization as opposed to a select few. From that website we can read the main issue of new system, which is: self-directed work teams, employee empowerment, distributed decision making, â€Å"flattening† the organization, elimination of bureaucratic red tape . All of that is already successfully working in Morning Star company. To be sure author of article Gary Hamel , decide to check on his own that system. What he saw was very fast developing company where without even one manager, people working very efficiently. And the most important is that they know what they doing and feel responsible for that. They are more loyal and are better judgment because they are not lack of context and understand the facts from the ground. System, called pancake-flat, is not complicated, because there are no bosses. But who is making the big decisions? Giving power to everybody is scary, danger, for sure there must be someone responsible more than others. Summary. How can a big company survive without structure? For company like Morning Star where from the beginning the main system was self-management and all the structure was already prepared system was easy to absorb. In my opinion it would be difficult to put that system in mega companies with 100,000 employees. It would look like a loud school class with pupils, when teacher left for a moment and everybody doing what they want even when they were said to read book . That is why in big companies there always must be someone who is going to manage a group. It is almost impossible that 100,000 employees will work efficiently without manager. Self-Management gives a great deal of freedom to colleagues; isn't that dangerous? Freedom must be balanced with responsibility in any organization. Ofcourse employees need to feel free when they working no one like big pressure and stress on top of work. But if we going to say â€Å"Feel free†, probably their going to put their own targets first. If we gonna left them on their own, we will never be sure if they doing what they where asked for and don’t waste our time and money. The company creates an environment where people can manage themselves by making the main mission the boss and truly empowering people. Where everybody are on the same level, and every one are bosses. It is sounds like â€Å"One for all and all for one†. For sure one thing is good in system like that. It is much cheaper without managers which have to be paid bigger salary. Reading this article I started to thing that that was the main problem. And thet is why new system was invented. To save the money. In my point of viewself-management system is very intresting and very innovative. By the example of Morning Star company I can assume that it can work. Author is sure that is possible to improve this system in much bigger companies. And with that I can not agree. It can not work everywhere and with every person. It always depends on the place (where company is), kind of company, (it worked in a simple agricultural organization doesn’t mean it is gonna work at New York) and employees characters (there is always leading person and someone who only want to do his job) . References: Books: 1. Nic Peeling, Brilliant Manager, (2010), What the best managers know, do and say, 3rd edition, Great Britain, Harlow: Pearson 2. Richard Templar, (2011), The rules of Management, second edition, Great Britain: Pearson 3. Scott Adams, (1996), Dogbert’s Top secret Management Handbook, New York: Harper Collins Publishers Inc. Websides: 1. Self management Institute, http://self-managementinstitute. org 2. Morning Star, http://www. morningstarco. com, (accessed on 11/12/11) Article which I used: Gary Hamel, (2011) First, Let's Fire All the Managers, http://hbr. org/2011/12/first-lets-fire-all-the-managers/ar/1, (accessed on 06/12/11)

A Review On The Port Installations Architecture Essay

The move of the port installings to Punta Langosteira ( the outer port ) will enable a complete, original and functional re-thinking of the infinite made available. The bing industrial port?s reformation undertaking aims at bettering the sea forepart by presenting a bunch of originative and cultural industries ( cultural one-fourth ) in the metropolis Centre, as a accelerator for the metropolis and the three stages of the port. From this get downing point the thought is to recycle land that up to now was reserved for the port ‘s industrial activities and do it accessible for occupants to bask as new leisure countries. Commercial and culturally lead, green corridors and wide streets will all be projected to allow people come into direct contact with the sea. The site is Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay, at the southern terminal of the gardens M & A ; eacute ; ndez N & A ; uacute ; & A ; ntilde ; ez and the Rosaleda, separated from them by the adjoining edifices. The reconstructing foreseen will open the gardens up to the sea and will enable people to walk freely up to the H2O ‘s border, turning the lone dock that is perpendicular to the metropolis ‘s frontage into a brilliant screening point.Brief Outline of User Requirements:Taking into history the whole of the docks, the Port of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a has as a whole 219.6 estates for the different services. Due to the graduated table of the port, the procedure of regeneration has been divided into three different stages. Phase One: Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay ( 22 estates ) Phase Two: San Diego Quay ( 98.8 estates ) Phase Three: Fishing basins, Marina and Anted & A ; aacute ; rsena basins ( 98.8 estates ) The convention Centre will be carefully thought out on the maestro program for as to where it will be situated, and so the remainder of the edifices will be arranged consequently and unite to do a Cultural Quarter ( 22 estates ) . The Cultural Quarter will incorporate a convention Centre, a public library, an exhibition infinite, a commercial Centre, a hotel, a athletics Centre, and a market topographic point. The Convention centres will be the cardinal edifice to the Cultural Quarter with adequate unfastened infinite to host public and private concern and societal events for its environing population country, and offer new chances to other concerns around Galicia and Spain. Enough floor country, and talk halls, will be provided to suit several thousand attendants and rent infinite for meetings such as corporate conferences, industry trade shows, amusements, an exhibition infinite and a concert hall.Proposed Location:Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South QuayOutside Advisers/clients to be used as beginnings of Mention:La Coru & A ; ntilde ; a metropolis council, and Port authorizationIntroductionSince the undertaking of the new Outer Port Facilities in Punta Langosteira, will be finished in 2012, all bing industrial activities in the port of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a will be transferred during 2010 onto the new outer port, get downing with Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay , hence supplying extra land to the metropolis Centre. The port of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a, as focal point of the whole City, is critical to the publicity of European City aims. One grade of the European manner of civilisation is the concentration of civic, cultural and commercial life in metropolis centres, in a mode and manner related to the person and non to the auto. The port will make a prosaic friendly cultural one-fourth, and consolidate its place as a service and concern hub, which will go a oasis for tourers, concern work forces and with new utilizations for citizens. The environing country around the port contains a alone individuality and character with a contrast between new and old architecture. The graduated table and location of the port in relation to the metropolis besides highlights its importance and provides a safe and welcoming environment and contributed to turning A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a into a cosmopolite and forward-thinking metropolis.ContextOver the centuries, the coastline of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a, a metropolis that looks out straight onto the Atlantic Ocean, exerted an resistless attractive force on Celts, Phoenicians and Romans. In the second century, they built the Tower of Hercules, today the universe ‘s lone working Roman beacon, the pride of the metropolis and declared as a World Heritage Site. In the ninth century, the metropolis suffered consecutive moving ridges of onslaughts by the Norman pirates. During the in-between Ages the population settled on the site that today is known as the Old Town. In 1208, Coru & A ; ntilde ; a received its metropolis charter from King Alfonso IX, who besides conferred a series of royal privileges on the metropolis. A twelvemonth after the Spanish Armada called in at the Port of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a on its manner to occupy England, the Barbary pirate Francis Drake, a loyal retainer of Queen Elizabeth I of England attacked the metropolis, which was valorously defended by the people of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a, led by the local heroine Mar & A ; iacute ; a Pita. During the Gallic invasion, A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a was the lone metropolis that stood up to the invading military personnels. Particularly worthy of reference is the Battle of Elvi & A ; ntilde ; a, which took topographic point on 16 January 1809 and during which General Sir John Moore was fatally hurt whilst supporting the metropolis. Today his remains are buried in San Carlos Gardens. The 17th and 18th centuries were marked by intense trading activity with America and legion Spanish and European ports. The nineteenth century was a clip rapid economic, cultural and urban development, reflected in the gallery windows that line Avenida de la Marina, the Modernist edifices and the Kiosco Alfonso†¦ in the twentieth century, the metropolis became a hive of activity, concentrating on civilization, advancement and the hereafter. The sea, a changeless figure in the history of the metropolis of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a, is the first thing that strikes you when geting in the metropolis by sea, land and particularly by air. The arresting positions of the tidal estuary are genuinely unforgettable, but there is much more to detect.Old TownAs in every metropolis, the â€Å" Old Town † is an absolute must. Corners rich in history, squares where clip seems to hold stood still, such as Las B & A ; aacute ; rbaras or Azc & A ; aacute ; rraga, lined with ancient trees†¦ you can besides look up to glorious illustrations of Romanesque art in the churches dotted around this one-fourth. Churchs like the Collegiate Church of Santa Mar & A ; iacute ; a del Campo, a brilliant illustration of the Ogival Romanesque manner ; the churches of Santiago, San Francisco, the convents of Las B & A ; aacute ; rbaras and Santo Domingo are all true plants of art ; symbolic streets named after antediluvian clubs that transport us back in clip to a medieval and Baroque metropolis. In the Old Town you will happen absorbing antique stores, situated in a alone location wholly in maintaining with the objects they sell, every bit good as traditional tap houses and delicious eating houses. When dark falls this country is transformed into one of the hubs of the metropolis ‘s night life.From the Sea PromenadeThe Sea Promenade is the ideal point from which to get down researching the metropolis. It ‘s more than 13.5 kilometres, which make this the longest promenade in Europe, encircling the metropolis from San Ant & A ; oacute ; n Castle to El Porti & A ; ntilde ; o. It has a bike lane, ropeway, route and prosaic paseo. Get downing from San Ant & A ; oacute ; n Castle, you will be able to look up to the marina with its berthing positions and services, every bit good as the yachts and sailing ships that create a colourful sight all twelvemonth unit of ammunition.A metropolis to hold merriment inA Coru & A ; ntilde ; a has ever been noted for its outgoing and extravert character. Locals love to acquire out and about, basking an eventide amble, a shopping trip, traveling for tappa or meeting friends for a drink at the street caf & A ; eacute ; s in winter every bit good as in summer. In maintaining with Spain ‘s long-standing tradition of societal assemblages in caf & A ; eacute ; s, the metropolis ‘s occupants love to run into to chew the fat and discourse mundane events.The metropolis of glassIt ‘s good deserving taking the clip to research the metropolis Centre. Leave your auto and bask a amble around the streets, because this is a metropolis that is made for walking. The Centre forms the hub of the metropolis ‘s economic, commercial and cultural activity, with its busy port and sail line drive dock. The perfect get downing point and an absolute must on every visitant ‘s path is Plaza de Mar & A ; iacute ; a Pita, site of the City Hall and watched over by the statue of local heroine Mar & A ; iacute ; a Pita and the ageless fire. Yet possibly A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a is best-known for its glass fa & A ; ccedil ; ade that looks out onto the sea in Avenida de La Marina, gallery Windowss which are likely the finest illustration of this typical component of Galician architecture. The colonnades offer legion street caf & A ; eacute ; s and eating houses.Back to the seaA alone location -a peninsula stick outing out into the olympian sea- has provided this metropolis with its chief beginning of wealth: the port, one of the most of import in Europe. Yet the port has non merely determined the economic development of this metropolis, but has besides contributed to organizing its unfastened, tolerant character, and the welcoming nature of its dwellers. The freshest fish and shellfish heterosexual from the Galician tidal estuaries, much appreciated throughout Spain, are delivered daily at first visible radiation to A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a ‘s fish market. Fishermans and shellfish gatherers take portion in the auction: a complex linguistic communication and signaling system, crates of fish, a odor of salt, fish and shellfish. Voices are raised in an effort to acquire the best monetary value. Sightss and sounds that are decidedly non to be missed. Several mottos have been used to specify A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a: â€Å" the City of Glass † ; â€Å" the City where no 1 is a alien † ; â€Å" Balcony over the Atlantic † †¦ but possibly the 1 that best sums up the kernel of this metropolis is â€Å" A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a: a metropolis to come back to † .Site ( physical context )Site pickAll the docks cover a surface country of 219.6 estates, including metropolis, fishing and industrial maps. There is a clear division between the north docks, chiefly for urban usage, and the south docks, which are more focussed on big premiss usage. Due to the graduated table of the port, the procedure of regeneration has been divided into three different stages. Phase One: Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay ( 22 estates ) Phase Two: San Diego Quay ( 98.8 estates ) Phase Three: Fishing basins, Marina and Anted & A ; aacute ; rsena basins ( 98.8 estates )The selected siteThe location of the site is on stage one, which is of the topmost importance to the regeneration of the port, a cardinal get downing point for A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a, to going a European metropolis, by presenting a accelerator ( cultural one-fourth ) for the metropolis and next communities. The location net incomes from brilliant permeableness and connectivity. The Rosaleda and Mendez Nu & A ; ntilde ; ez gardens rest beside the next listed and governmental edifices along the battery Quay. The edifices are the authorities deputation office, the marine military bid caput quarters, imposts chief office, the constabulary caput one-fourth, and Galicia ‘s port authorization caput quarters.Site informationThe site is besides located between the transatlantic quay where big sails Moor ( 54.575 riders last twelvemonth ) and Linares Quay ( 950 fishing boats last twelvemonth ) which holds A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a?s fish market which opens at 5am, at this clip of twenty-four hours the site gathers a peculiar and traditional odor of salt, fish and shellfish. The site is composed by three quays, Battery, Calvo Sotelo North and Calvo Sotelo South Quays all quays have rail paths. Battery quay is 277m long, with a draft of 11m and with two breadths of 23-55m. Its usage is for general goods, majorities and contains a roll-on/roll-off incline, with installings for the supply of H2O and electricity. The burden and download installings are prioritised for Pneumatic fluidnesss of cement and aluminum which are stored in seven cylindrical armored combat vehicles. The quay besides holds three commercial edifices Uni & A ; oacute ; n Fenosa Substation, Cement Silos Tudela Vegu & A ; iacute ; n and Aluminium Silos Alcoa Inespal and five official governmental edifices. Calvo Sotelo North Quay is 220m long, with a draft of 11-13m and a breadth of 20m. Its usage is besides for general goods, with two electrical gateway Cranes of 6tm and one electrical gateway Crane of 16tm. There are maritime and fishing installings an functionary edifice which is the Port Authority Vigilance Service and one commercial edifice, Tide graph of the Geographic and Property Values Institute. Calvo Sotelo South Quay is 420m long, with a draft of 7-10m and a breadth of 40m. Its usage is besides for general goods, with four electrical gateway Cranes of 6tm and one electrical gateway Crane of 16tm. There are besides maritime and fishing installings with a Cold-store Fruit Terminal Installations for the supply of H2O and electricity. The burden and download installings are prioritised for Pneumatic fluidnesss of cement, oils and fats pumping and vegetational oils pumps which are stored in 13 cylindrical armored combat vehicles. The site has two big warehouses and five commercial edifices Cement silos, Oil silos, Oils and fats silos, Transformation house of brotherhood FENOSA and Port authorization transmutation House. All the belongingss ( except the listed governmental edifices ) along the three quays are prefabricated warehouses ; each person edifice will be dismantled and taken over to the new outer port by the terminal of 2010. The lone staying edifices on the site will be the five listed authorities edifices, four cylindrical armored combat vehicles and six Cranes of 6tm.Ocular impactsThe combination of all three quays creates an impressive ocular impact due to the sheer size of the site. There are several ocular impacts between the graduated table of the edifices in the metropolis Centre and the narrow streets in relation to the huge broad plane along the site with big freak constructions such as the Cranes and oil oilers, and vass that berth along the quays. When walking along the metropolis you feels warm, sheltered, and safe but when you walk along the quays it ‘s wholly the antonym you feel intimidated by the milieus, entirely, little, cold, and lost when confronting towards the At lantic Ocean. These feelings are all generated by the characteristic beauty of the site, such impressive feelings caused due to the different graduated tables and huge ocular spreads towards the metropolis, port and the Atlantic Ocean.Designation of any bing jeopardiesLand conditions and jeopardiesAll three quays were built in 1927, a fixed platform, on piles. Since the intent of the quays are for storage countries with warehouses, and its aim is to unload and reload vass every bit rapidly as possible, the site is kept in good conditions, and any fixs are dealt with every bit shortly as possible, to cut down holds during the burden and unloading of the vass.TidesMaximum tidal movement/range: 4,50 m Quay walls with regard to the 0 of the maximal tidal tally: 6.50m Significant moving ridge height with a return period of 50 old ages: 11 m If there were moving ridges of up to 11m in the harbour country, moving ridges would be a jeopardy on the site. Since there was a little possibility of any tidal jeopardies, the quays were constructed with a little joust from the Centre of the quay towards the H2O border to coerce the H2O to run off back into the Atlantic Ocean. Given the current usage of the port is industrial the current air quality, noise, and light pollution are somewhat high. Although most of the noise pollution created on site are inside the warehouses, with 80+ dubnium ( A ) the chief route that runs along the dorsum of the site with 65 dubnium ( A ) and the countries where they load and download goods with 55 dubnium ( A ) and some countries with less than 45db ( A ) . The site creates no waste of residues, and little sums of light pollution since plants are done during the twenty-four hours. The air quality is somewhat higher since the fish market is following to the site.Environmental FactorsClimateWind form Predominating: N.E. Dominant: Second. The site?s clime is temperate maritime and to a great extent determined by the Atlantic Ocean ; nevertheless it does expose some features of a Mediterranean clime. Autumn and winter are frequently unsettled with temperature norms of 13 & A ; deg ; degree Celsiuss and up to 19 & A ; deg ; degree Celsiuss and unpredictable, with strong air currents and abundant rainfall off up to 600mm, coming from Atlantic depressions and it is frequently cloud-covered. The ocean supports temperatures mild, and hoar and snow are rare. In summer, it is rather dry and cheery with lone occasional rainfall ; temperatures are warm off up to 22 & A ; deg ; degree Celsiuss but seldom uncomfortably hot due to the sea ‘s cooling influence during the twenty-four hours. Spring is normally cool and reasonably composures. The site is to a great extent influenced by the clime, Sun visible radiation and twenty-four hours light since there are no next edifices for shelter or cut downing the strong air currents that penetrate the site freely from the South or north E.Design factors and chances and restrictions of the siteConservationThe site will incorporate 5 class 1 listed edifices, 4 grade 2 listed cylindrical armored combat vehicles, the rail paths and 6 Cranes which will be left one time all the bing installings are moved to the outer port. All listed edifices contain private gardens environing the belongings, consent will be necessary to integrate their land to the site and let a ocular and prosaic permeableness on the site. Urban design policies in the Local Development Frame Work ( LDF ) will be taken into history during the designing phase.MaterialsThe glass galleries on the Marina Avenue run perpendicular to the site, this architectural linguistic communication will play an of import function wi thin my design. The facade intervention will implement different combinations of nothingnesss, solids, coloring material, and texture to unify itself with the bing linguistic communication of the metropolis. Galicia?s have ever said that Windowss are picture frames.Site AccessAt the minute the site has a restricted entree for vehicles unless you are an employee, but prosaic entree is allowed on the port except the countries which are in private ain by companies, such as warehouses. The site contains two chief entree roads ; one is located on Lineras Rivas Avenue for big lorries, Cranes, and trucks and the other entree point is on the transatlantic quay for private vehicles. There is an bing rail paths that runs through the whole of the port and into each single quay, which is presently used to travel the Cranes along the quays and to transport transporting containers, and goods straight to the goods station of RENFE in San Diego ( the station inside the port ) . From this station depart the two available lines to Madrid ( Santiago-Ourense-Zamora and Lugo-Le & A ; oacute ; n-Palencia ) , with connexions to Ferrol, Vigo and Portugal. The chief train station of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a is San Cristobal a 10 min drive by coach ( line1 ) from the port and has regular long-distance lines to Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao and Ir & A ; uacute ; n, besides regional connexions to the remainder of Galicia. The seaport entryway is orientated to the North, with a breadth of 800m and a deepness of 21m and a maximal registered current of 0 knots. Pedestrian entree is located every 300m through electronic Gatess ; the Gatess are unfastened every twenty-four hours from 5am boulder clay 5pm. All the Gatess along the port have bus Michigans with line 1 which takes you around the metropolis Centre ; bus frequence is every 20 min to supply easy entree to the port. The site is merely 20m off from the ferry/cruise terminus ; direct entree is possible by auto and walking. The port besides has its ain fire station, police caput quarters, gasoline station and a little infirmary.BriefAn lineation briefThe move of the port installings to Punta Langosteira ( the outer port ) will enable a complete, original and functional re-thinking of the infinite made available. The bing industrial port?s reformation undertaking aims at bettering the sea forepart by presenting a bunch of originative and cultural industries ( cultural one-fourth ) in the metropolis Centre, as a accelerator for the metropolis and the three stages of the port. From this get downing point the thought is to recycle land that up to now was reserved for the port ‘s industrial activities and do it accessible for occupants to bask as new leisure countries. Commercial and culturally lead, green corridors and wide streets will all be projected to allow people come into direct contact with the sea. Cultural quarters are a manner of explicitly associating the growing of originative industries with urban regeneration aims. The convention Centre will be at the terminal of Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay facing towards the Atlantic Ocean, the remainder of the edifices will be arranged consequently and all unify to do a Cultural Quarter ( 22 estates ) . The Cultural Quarter will incorporate a convention Centre, a public library, an exhibition infinite, a commercial Centre, a hotel, a athletics Centre, and a market topographic point. The Convention centre will be one of the cardinal subscribers to the economic and cultural verve of the Cultural Quarter with adequate unfastened infinite to host public and private concern and societal events for its environing population country, and offer new chances to other concerns around Galicia and Spain. Enough floor country, and talk halls, will be provided to suit several thousand attendants and rent infinite for meetings such as corporate conferences, industry trade shows, amusements, an exhibition infinite and a concert hall.A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a?s metropolis and concern chanceA Coru & A ; ntilde ; a ‘s current population consists chiefly on ages between 40-80+ , most of the towns around A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a are dyeing due to the rapid decrease of angling industries in little towns, the undertaking aims at bettering the current population in A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a and offers a concern chance. These chances consists of four incorporate elements all of which ar e present, a demand, the agencies to carry through the demand, a method to use the agencies to carry through the demand and a method of benefit. As a modern, functional Convention Centre, it ‘s destined to go the new hub for the fiscal operations of the regional concern community. It will besides heighten the cultural and societal cloth of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a and go a major tourer attractive force. Creative workers will be given to congregate in mixed-use vicinities with chances to work, unrecorded and socialise in one environment. The denseness of communicating and interaction in this environment allows people to quickly portion thoughts, learn and bring forth a worm community.SustainabilityA sustainable metropolis is a liveable metropolis, peculiar and created by its dwellers, in melody with its local clime, civilization and operations. The creative activity of a generic solution is hence merely possible on a really abstract degree, and the coevals of a method for a sustainable metropolis merely interesting and valuable when applied to a existent universe scenario. The maestro plan?s construct will be developed for an attack to sustainable determination devising for plan ( denseness, type, distribution etc ) , mass, logistics, and quality of environment. Using this needfully becomes a procedure instead than merely a set of regulations.Expectations on the quality to be achieve dThe architectural attack to plan the convention Centre will be a softer, more fluid, sculptural mode. The undertaking and maestro program will make a beautiful working environment, for employees and new/existing communities, and take advantage of its location, non merely physically but besides visually and increase its natural beauty with green infinites, green corridors, difficult and soft landscapes, unfastened activities and direct entree to the H2O border. The internal plan and construction has to be carefully planned out so that all internal and external infinites relate to each other in an orderly mode, so that the prosaic flow is simple and big groups can travel through the edifice easy. Due to the location of the site and its exposure to the Atlantic Ocean, salt, enduring, eroding, air current, solar, north and south confronting frontages particular considerations will be made on the quality of the stuffs and coatings to forestall extra hereafter costs. The edifice has to hold a crisp high quality coating. The ocular impact is really of import for the edifice as it will be stand foring the metropolis worldwide. It ‘s of import that the convention Centre, and the cultural one-fourth has a strong relationship with the metropolis, so that they become a individual community. The maestro program will be arranged so that edifices provide a sense of protection like in the metropolis Centre, and the unfastened infinites will seek to stand for the current feeling of the site, with huge unfastened infinites. A great event is all in the inside informations.A diagrammatic analysis of the functional countries and their relationshipsThe chief entryway leads you straight onto a convention square/ exhibition infinite and the administrative offices. The ball room/concert hall is located near the entryway due to its plan and opening times. This type of agreement creates an entryway hub were after working hours the convention Centre could shut its chief sectors of the edifice and still run swimmingly when the ball room is in usage. Beside the chief entryway is the chief anteroom, sofa and concern Centre. The concern Centre is composed of several degrees of unfastened program floors for companies and trim office infinite for day-to-day rental infinite, the concern Centre would be unfastened 24/7 therefore it needs to be near to the entryway hub. The edifice plan contains three paths: the first path leads to the chief auditorium, the 2nd path leads you to the chief eating house, and the 3rd path le ads you to the chief exterior exhibition space/public square. The first path is linked by a short gallery paseo that leads you to the chief auditorium anteroom and auditorium. On the gallery paseo there is direct entree to the hotel or adjustment units. A little ( national ) ferry terminus could be incorporated to the hotel along the Calvo Sotelo North or south quay, to boot, there will be 6 lading docks, offering direct drive-on entree into exhibit halls. The 2nd path is linked by the chief gallery paseo that leads you to the chief eating house which will keep up to 200 seats, with a private entree point. The eating house will be buffet or a la menu. The chief gallery paseo besides leads you to the exhibition halls 1-4 ; one of the four exhibition halls will hold a system of movable walls to change over a individual hall into two single halls. Each hall will hold its ain services such as lavatories. The 2nd auditorium is following to the chief eating house which is besides linked by the chief gallery paseo, above the 2nd auditorium there is a patio meeting room, and two twenty-four hours eating houses and four jailbreak blocks to loosen up prior or after each convention. The jailbreak blocks will hold positions towards the metropolis Centre, or the Atlantic Ocean to make a peaceable environment to loosen up in. The 3rd path takes you onto an exterior exhibition space/public square were anyone can go to any convention. There will be lasting sculpture pieces set on the exterior infinite. The convention Centre will offer big immediate exhibit infinites. The construction of the edifice needs to be carefully studied, streamlined columns will be used to cut down the maximal figure of columns and supply a column-free infinite in selected countries. One of the exhibit halls will hold to supply a flexible infinite, glass-enclosed with sweeping positions of the metropolis Centre, seaport, and the Atlantic Ocean with an industry standard event floor, so that the room becomes flexible for any type of event, and activity runing from upscale responses to exhibits. The edifice will besides feed signifier all the environing edifices such as the chief hotel, the public library, the athletics Centre, the commercial Centre, an exhibition infinite and the market place/square. The maestro program will hold restricted entree for vehicles, and motor rhythms merely. Except constabulary, ambulances, fire brigade, disable vehicles, and all other services to the edifices such as care, bringings etc. There will be a chief parking hub to serve all edifices, the parking hub will be sheltered and the roof will go portion of the landscape. The hub will be connected with a frequent ropeway line that runs through the site and Michigans in each person edifice, the ropeway will utilize the bing rail path line on the site. List of major suites in the convention CentreConvention squareAdministration officesMain anteroom, sofaBusiness CentreGallery paseosBall room/concert hallHotelFerry terminusExhibition hall 1A -1BExhibition hall 2,3,4Auditorium anteroomMain auditoriumsAuditoriums 2Main eating house ( siting 200+ )Day restaurant 1Day restaurant2Breakout block 1-4Terrance meeting roomThere will be one chief entryway and two secondary entrywaies. All the suites are spread over 3 floors, and linked by a chief gallery paseo.Analysis of the brief with relation to the siteThe benefits for A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a The maestro program will bring forth a sustainable procedure and regulations which will subsequently be applied to the convention Centre and the remainder of the Cultural Quarter edifices. The proposal will offer a choice cultural one-fourth that embraces the metropolis with a dedicated bunch of originative and cultural industries, and public infinites. Adding character to the metropolis of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a with new chances to work and socialise in one environment. The undertaking will consolidate A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a?s repute as a cultural finish while supplying an iconic architectural image for the metropolis. Phase 2 and 3 will be chiefly social/private lodging offering the metropolis and the cultural one-fourth with a new lodging community near the metropolis Centre. All three stages will cultivate, adapt and make a balance community to the altering demands of the metropolis of A Coru & A ; ntilde ; a, and Galicia.The Cultural One-fourth:Enrich our cultural life by pulling internationally acclaimed public presentations and exhibitions ;Raising local humanistic disciplines endowment and make more chances for humanistic disciplines groups ;Enhance international cultural exchange ;Put a Coru & A ; ntilde ; a on the universe humanistic disciplines and civilization map ;Supply state-of-the-art public presentation locales and museums ;Offer more picks to humanistic disciplines frequenters ;Encourage creativeness ;Enhance the seaport forepart ;Attract abroad visitants ; andCreate occupations.Design issuesExisting undertakings and the subjects of the solutions, which identify the architectural q ualities of the undertakingWest Kowloon Cultural District: An icon for civilization and leisureA new cultural territory for Hong KongThe West Kowloon Cultural District ( WKCD ) will be a landmark development that enhances Hong Kong ‘s place as a universe metropolis of civilization. The new cultural territory will convey together a vivacious mix of acting and ocular humanistic disciplines. The 40-hectare waterfront site will be both a collector's item for urban design and a meeting point for the local and international humanistic disciplines communities. In this bunch of locales and unfastened infinite, long-run commercial, community and cultural partnerships will promote a lively humanistic disciplines scene for coevalss to come. Based on the rule of â€Å" partnership † , the WKCD will be â€Å" community-driven † and â€Å" people-oriented † . A expansive canopy, supplying shadiness and shelter for the installations below, will do the composite a new Hong Kong icon. With its sinuously fluxing signifier, this characteristic was, in February 2002, chosen by an international jury from over 160 entries as the victor of an international construct program competition. It was adopted as the footing for ask foring proposals from the market in September 2003. By June 2004, five proposals had been received, three of which met the basic demands. These proposals are now being assessed.The nucleus installationsThree theaters with at least 2,000, 800 and 400 seats severally ;A public presentation locale with at least 10,000 seats ;A bunch of four museums at least 75,000 square meters in size ;An art exhibition Centre at least 10,000 square meters in size ;A H2O amphitheater ;At least four plaza ; andA canopy covering at least 55 % of the development country.Other high spotsThe territory will incorporate commercial and residential develo pment into the humanistic disciplines, cultural and leisure installations. This incorporate attack will guarantee more visitants and convey benefits to all the sectors involved. The territory will hold at least 20 hectares of parkland and public unfastened infinite, an country larger than Victoria Park. The waterfront promenade will be 50 % longer than the promenade from the Tsim Sha Tsui clock tower to the Hong Kong Coliseum. An machine-controlled people mover will associate the major installations within the territory while public conveyance will associate the territory with the concern bosom of Kowloon. Information gathered from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archicentral.com/norman-foster-to-help-design-cultural-hub-in-hong-kong-22437/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hplb.gov.hk/wkcd/eng/publ†¦ tion/intro.htmSan Diego Convention CentreThe San Diego Convention Center is the primary convention centre in San Diego, California. It is located in the Marina territory of downtown San Diego near the Gaslamp Quarter, at 111 West Harbor Drive. The centre is managed by the San Diego Convention Center Corporation, a non-profit public benefit corporation. The convention centre offers 57,200 m? of exhibit infinite. As of 2009 it was the 24th largest convention installation in North America. [ 1 ] It was designed by Canadian designer Arthur Erickson. Capacity for the installation is 125,000. [ 1 ] The centre ‘s most distinguishing characteristic is the Sails Pavilion, a 90,000 square pes exhibit and particular event country. The Sails Pavilion ‘s roof consists of typical Teflon-coated fibreglass â€Å" canvass † intended to reflect San Diego ‘s maritime history, every bit good as to publicize the centre ‘s propinquity to the San Diego shore. The Pavilion was originally built as an alfresco installation under the roof. However, the centre found it difficult to convert possible users to book an alfresco installation, so the Pavilion country was enclosed in glass, greatly spread outing the useable country of the centre. [ 2 ]Reid, Calvin ( July 27, 2009 ) . â€Å" Soldout in San Diego: Another Booming Comic-Con † . Publishers Weekly ( Reed Elsevier Inc. ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.publishersweekly.com/article/CA6673130.html. Retrieved 27 July 2009By Wright, Gordon Publication: Building Design & A ; Construction Date: Monday, Januar y 1 2001 â€Å" Buttoning up † . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.allbusiness.com/construction/nonresidential-building-construction/7460303-1.htmlInformation gathered from: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Diego_Convention_CenterDavid L. Lawrence Convention CenterThe David L. Lawrence Convention Center ( DLLCC ) is a 1,500,000-square-foot ( 139,000m2 ) convention, conference and exhibition edifice in business district Pittsburgh in the U.S. province of Pennsylvania. Completed in 2003, it sits on the southern shoreline of the Allegheny River. It is the first LEED-certified convention centre in North America and one of the first in the universe. [ 1 ] It is owned by the Sports & A ; Exhibition Authority of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County. [ 2 ]AbstractionDesigned by Rafael Vi & A ; ntilde ; oly Architects, P.C. , Dewhurst MacFarlane & A ; Spouses and Goldreich Engineering P.C. , the $ 354 million riverfront landmark contains 29,100m2 of exhibit infinit e 22,000m2 of which is column-free, 7,100m2 of extra exhibit infinite, 2,940m2 dance hall, 51 meeting suites, two 250-seat talk halls, teleconferencing and telecommunications capablenesss and 420m2 of retail infinite. The designer, Vi & A ; ntilde ; oly, began the design with a end in head of accomplishing the position of a â€Å" green † edifice. In 2003, the edifice was awarded Gold Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ( LEED ) enfranchisement by the U.S. Green Building Council. [ 1 ] The convention centre is home to outstanding conventions, such as Anthrocon, the Pittsburgh RV Show, Pittsburgh Boat Show, Pittsburgh Home and Garden Show, Piratefest, and the acclaimed Pittsburgh International Auto Show.â€Å" David L. Lawrence Convention Center. † . David L. Lawrence Convention Center. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pittsburghcc.com/cc/ . Retrieved October 10, 2009.â€Å" History † . www.pgh-sea.com. Sports & A ; Exhibition Authority of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County. 9/1/09. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pgh-sea.com/history.htm.Information gathered from: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_L._Lawrence_Convention_CenterBarcelona International Convention Center ( CCIB )The International convention centre is located in the metropolis Centre of Barcelona and was completed in 2004 ; with a floor are 67000 m? . The designer is Mateo Arquitectura, illuming interior decorator Biosce & A ; Botey, structural applied scientist B rufau, Obiol, Mayo & A ; Ass and the client is Barcelona?s council. This multi-purpose cultural edifice includes a really big auditorium, a multi-functional acting infinite, exhibition infinites, meeting suites, and a eating house and anteroom, in add-on to proficient services, lading docks, storage infinites, and auto parking on two degrees. It was portion of the controversial 2004 Universal Forum of Cultures in Barcelona and has 45 translucent halls, spread over 3 floors, 2 first balconies and a cellar. The CCIB and the adjacent edifice Forum Auditorium ( by Swiss designers Herzog and De Meuron ) , are linked to each other by a 20-meter-wide belowground paseo. Mateo ‘explains ‘ : â€Å" I have gone back to loving the preciseness of Fe: normal, but monstrous, commonplace but non domestic, superhuman. The mega construction is seen proudly in the East fa & A ; ccedil ; ade, opposite the elegant adjacent trigon. The castanetss are covered in the remainder of the edifice. † Information gathered from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mimoa.eu/projects/Spain/Barcelona/International % 20Convention % 20Center % 20 ( CCIB )Vancouver Convention Centre WestThe Vancouver convention Centre has a harbour forepart location and breathless positions ; the Vancouver Convention Centre offers one of the most beautiful scenes in the universe. The add-on of our new West Building has tripled our capacity, for a combined sum of 43,800 m? of meeting, exhibition, dance hall, and plenary theater infinite. Both the East and West Buildings are designed as a series of faculties to offer the highest grade of flexibleness. This new combination besides allows us to keep coincident events, each with their ain separate entree and map infinite. Add first category culinary art, the most advanced engineering and an exceeding sustainability authorization and your event is certain to be nil less than remarkable.AbstractionInspiration can come from about anyplace. That ‘s why we ‘ve tried to transfuse as many animating experiences into our installation as we can. Not merely will your meeting take topographic point in one of the most alone scenes in the universe, but the edifice itself has been designed from top to bottom to open heads and provender imaginativenesss. A figure of sustainable patterns and environmentally-conscious design characteristics make the Vancouver convention centre one of the greenest convention centres in the universe. Information gathered from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vancouverconventioncentre.com/thefacilities/

Characters in Hamlet Essay

The first proper theater as we know it, was called the Theatre, built at Shoreditch, London in 1576 and the owner was James Burbage. James Burbage had obtained a 21 year lease with permission to build the first playhouse, aptly named ‘ The Theatre ‘. Before this time plays were performed in the courtyard of inns or inn-yards, or sometimes, in the houses of noblemen or in extreme circumstances on open ground. After the Theatre, further open air playhouses ( theaters ) opened in the London area, including the Rose Theatre (1587), and the Hope Theatre (1613). The most famous Elizabethan playhouse ( theater ) was the Globe Theatre (1599) Page When Shakespeare started his career in the theatre , there wasn’t a proper institution for theatrical performances, and companies played mostly in the court yards of inns, in castles or mansions of great Lords that invited the artists to perform . Women were not allowed to act , being considered a rather vulgar profession for a woman, therefore, the female parts were impersonated by young boys, with wigs and make-up. There were no special props or adequate scenery, so when an out-side scene was needed, stage-boys were pretending to be trees or walls , they carried a board with a yellow sun drawn to symbolize the sunrise or a silver moon to indicate that it was night. For the battle scenes , one or two horses were brought on stage (by a horse-keeper) and for the inner scenes , a table and some stools were enough . Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Henry VIII† marked a premiere in point of costumes and ‘special effects’ but it lead to the tragic accident, as the straw back-stage caught fire during a war scene where cannons were suggested by means of flares. Nobody died but the theatre burnt to the ground (having been made of wood , with a stone foundation) . 2 The project to rebuild Shakespeare’s Globe was initiated by the American actor, director and producer Sam Wanamaker after his first visit to London in 1949. Twenty-one years later he founded what was to become the Shakespeare Globe Trust, dedicated to the reconstruction of the theatre and the creation of an education center and permanent exhibition. After 23 years spent tirelessly fundraising, advancing research into the appearance of the original Globe and planning the reconstruction with the Trust’s architect Theo Crosby, Sam Wanamaker died in 1993, the site having been secured, the exhibition undercroft structurally complete and a few timber bays of the theatre in place. Three and a half years later the theatre was completed. Shakespeare’s Sources of inspiration (predecessors and contemporary artists) The University Wits Sir Phillip Sidney (30 November 1554 – 17 October 1586) became one of the Elizabethan Age’s most prominent figures. Famous in his day in England as a poet, courtier and soldier, he remains known as the author of Astrophel and Stella (1581, pub. 1591),inspired by Penelope Devereaux, the future Lady Rich; Shakespeare also organised his sonnets in chronological order and rendering his real-life experience (The Dark Lady). Christopher Marlowe- was an English dramatist, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era. The foremost Elizabethan tragedian next to William Shakespeare, he is known for his blank verse, his overreaching protagonists, and his own mysterious and untimely death(Marlowe is often alleged to have been a government spy). Marlowe’s first play performed on stage in London stage was Tamburlaine (1587) about the conqueror Timur, who rises from shepherd to warrior. It is among the first English plays in blank verse. From this play, Shakespeare borrowed the archetype of the usurper, creating outstanding figures of usurpers in his own plays, only judging their guilt, and, consequently , their punishment, according to the weight of their deeds: -Richard III and Claudius( ‘Hamlet’) are evil from the very beginning , they do not repent , so , they are given a violent death – Henry IV repents on his death bed , giving wise advise to his son, the future Henry V , who is to become an ideal king, and he dies as a result of battle wound . – Macbeth is more a victim of his wife’s ambition, proving weakness , and , thus, they both lose their mind. The Jew of Malta, about a Maltese Jew’s barbarous revenge against the city authorities, has a prologue delivered by a character representing Machiavelli. The play is known for its unsympathetic portrayal of nearly all its characters. From this play Shakespeare borrowed the shrewd Jew , but in his plot Shylock (his Jewish merchant) is not allowed to put his evil plans into practice. A common misconception about Marlowe, based solely upon Doctor Faustus, is that he himself was a proponent of the ‘dark arts’. It is certainly true, when one considers the aforementioned play, that Marlowe had studied incantation rituals, but whether he practised them is another matter entirely. From this play , Shakespeare took the idea of controlling the forces of nature , getting the power by means of knowledge and applied it in â€Å"The Tempest†. Thomas Kyd-was an English dramatist, the author of The Spanish Tragedy, and one of the most important figures in the development of Elizabethan drama. Shakespeare learned the structure of a tragedy , taking the idea of revenge and turning into a complex ,philosophical one, â€Å"Hamlet† . John Lyly- was an English writer, best known for his books Euphues, The Anatomy of Wit and Euphues and His England. Lyly’s linguistic style is known as Euphuism. Shakespeare mocked at this exceedingly metaphoric style in his â€Å"Love’s Labour’s Lost† . The Sonnets Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets arranged in almost a chronological order : the first 126 are dedicated to FRIENDSHIP , while from 127 – 154 they speak of a mysterious ‘Dark Lady’ and are dedicated to ‘PASSION’. The two feelings are both called ‘ love’ in the sonnets but there is a clear-cut distinction made between ‘Friendship’ which is described as a lasting, solid feeling based on admiration , mutual interests and loyalty( ‘ the ever fixed mark/that looks on tempest and is never shaken’-sonnet 116), while passion is described as a transient, tormenting feeling based on physical attraction . The friend to whom the first 126 sonnets are dedicated is the Earl of Southampton, Shakespeare’s friend and patron of arts. In his house , Shakespeare got acquainted with the Italian sonnet, music and painting , as well as the works of his contemporary dramatists and novelists Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Kyd and John Lyly. Rumour says it that the appearance of the Dark Lady spoiled their relationship due to jealousy and suspicion . The fashion of the time (and even nowadays, quite often) the love for the beloved woman was described in idealistic terms, often extensively metaphoric , comparing her with a Goddess or with the perfect elements of nature . Shakespeare makes the portrait of the Dark Lady by opposition to the fashionable perfect image (‘My mistress’s eyes are nothing like the son/ Coral is far more red than her lips red’†¦- sonnet 130) trying to demonstrate that the beloved person does not have to be the embodiment of perfection so that your feelings should be true and unique. SONNET 18 ‘ Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, Nor shall Death brag thou wand’rest in his shade When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st. So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. ‘ Page 4 The opening line poses a simple rhetorical question which the rest of the sonnet answers. The poet compares his friend to a summer’s day(as nature was seen as perfect) and finds him to be â€Å"more lovely and more temperate†, more balanced (the term ‘ temperate’ was chosen to be appropriate to both human and natural world) because summer is tainted by occasional winds and the eventual change of season. While summer must always come to an end, the poet’s feelings for his friend are eternal. Moreover, his art may even make their friendship last beyond death ( the metaphor in â€Å"thy eternal summer shall not fade,† stands for the everlasting youth and beauty of his friend in his heart). The poet’s love is so powerful that even death is unable to curtail it. (‘ Nor shall Death brag thou wonders in his shade / When in eternal lines to time thou growst’)The poet’s feelings live on for future generations to admire through the power of the written word – through the sonnet itself. The final couplet explains that the beloved’s â€Å"eternal summer† will continue as long as there are people alive to read this sonnet: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Sonnet 130 My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damask’d, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare. Shakespeare makes the portrait of the Dark Lady by opposition to the fashionable perfect image (‘My mistress’s eyes are nothing like the son/ Coral is far more red than her lips red’†¦- sonnet 130) trying to demonstrate that the beloved person does not have to be the embodiment of perfection so that your feelings should be true and unique. Page 5 Sonnet 116 Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove: O no! it is an ever-fixed mark That looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star to every wandering bark, Whose worth’s unknown, although his height be taken. Love’s not Time’s fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle’s compass come: Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved. Along with Sonnets 18 (â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? â€Å") and 130 (â€Å"My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun†), Sonnet 116 is one of the most famous poems in the entire sequence. The definition of love that it provides is among the most often quoted and anthologized in the poetic canon. Essentially, this sonnet presents the extreme ideal of friendship : it never changes, it never fades, it outlasts death and admits no flaw. What is more, it insists that this ideal is the only love that can be called â€Å"true†Ã¢â‚¬â€œif love is mortal, changing, or impermanent, the speaker writes, then no man ever loved. The basic division of this poem’s argument into the various parts of the sonnet form is extremely simple: the first quatrain says what love is not (changeable), the second quatrain says what it is (a fixed guiding star unshaken by tempests), the third quatrain says more specifically what it is not (â€Å"time’s fool†Ã¢â‚¬â€œthat is, subject to change in the passage of time), and the couplet announces the speaker’s certainty. What gives this poem its rhetorical and emotional power is not its complexity; rather, it is the force of its linguistic and emotional conviction. Sonnet 91 Some glory in their birth, some in their skill, Some in their wealth, some in their body’s force, Some in their garments, though new-fangled ill, Some in their hawks and hounds, some in their horse; And every humor hath his adjunct pleasure, Wherein it finds a joy above the rest. But these particulars are not my measure; All these I better in one general best. Thy love is better than high birth to me, Richer than wealth, prouder than garments’ cost, Of more delight than hawks or horses be; All this away, and me most wretched make. Page And having thee, of all men’s pride I boast; Wretched in this alone, that thou mayst take 6 Modern interpretation Some people are proud of the social status they’ve inherited; some people of their abilities; some of their wealth; some of how strong they are; some of their clothes, though the clothes are trendy and weird; some are proud of their hawks and hounds; some of their horses; and every individual temperament has its particular pleasure, something the person enjoys above  everything else. But I don’t measure happiness by any of these things. There’s something else that’s better than them all. To me, your love is better than high social status, more valuable than wealth, more worth being proud of than expensive clothes, and more enjoyable than hawks or horses. And having you, I have something better than what other men are proud of—except I’m wretched in this one respect: You can take all this away from me and make me completely wretched. The Historical Plays  Shakespeare’s historical plays form a chapter apart , though almost all of them belong to the first period of his dramatic creation (Henry VI, Richard III, Richard II, King John, Henry IV , Henry V and Henry VIII) Shakespeare considered monarchy as the ideal ruling system and makes a clear-cut distinction between lawful and unlawful successions to the throne; on his death bed, Henry IV says to his son : ‘†¦. God knows, my son, By what by-paths and indirect crook’d ways I met this crown; and I myself know well How troublesome it sat upon my head. To thee it shall descend with bitter quiet, Better opinion, better confirmation. ’ In ‘Henry V’ the authority of the king is shown as further consolidated , the monarch being presented as an ideal ruler. In the chronicle plays , Shakespeare expresses his great love for his country (‘A precious stone set in the silver sea’†¦/ This throne of Mars/ This England†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢- Richard II)at a time when England was endeavouring to consolidate its national unity and its position of a great power. Page 7 Julius Caesar BRUTUS Be patient till the last. Romans, countrymen, and lovers! hear me for my cause, and be silent, that you may hear: believe me for mine honour, and have respect to mine honour, that you may believe: censure me in your wisdom, and awake your senses, that you may the better judge. If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of Caesar’s, to him I say, that Brutus’ love to Caesar was no less than his. If then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer:-Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live all free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him; as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I honour him: but, as he was ambitious, I slew him. There is tears for his love; joy for his fortune; honour for his valour; and death for his ambition. Who is here so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended. I pause for a reply. [†¦.. ] Enter ANTONY and others, with CAESAR’s body [†¦] First Citizen This Caesar was a tyrant. Third Citizen Nay, that’s certain: We are blest that Rome is rid of him. Second Citizen Peace! let us hear what Antony can say. Page 8 ANTONY You gentle Romans,-Citizens Peace, ho! let us hear him. ANTONY Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer’d it. Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest-For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men-Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man. I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know. You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him? O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me. First Citizen Methinks there is much reason in his sayings. Second Citizen If thou consider rightly of the matter, Caesar has had great wrong. Third Citizen Page 9 Has he, masters? I fear there will a worse come in his place. Fourth Citizen Mark’d ye his words? He would not take the crown; Therefore ’tis certain he was not ambitious. First Citizen If it be found so, some will dear abide it. Second Citizen Poor soul! his eyes are red as fire with weeping. ANTONY O masters, if I were disposed to stir Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong, Who, you all know, are honourable men: I will not do them wrong; I rather choose To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you, Than I will wrong such honourable men. But here’s a parchment with the seal of Caesar; I found it in his closet, ’tis his will: Let but the commons hear this testament-Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read-And they would go and kiss dead Caesar’s wounds And dip their napkins in his sacred blood, All We’ll hear the will: read it, Mark Antony. The will, the will! we will hear Caesar’s will. ANTONY Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it; It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you. You are not wood, you are not stones, but men; And, being men, bearing the will of Caesar, It will inflame you, it will make you mad: ‘Tis good you know not that you are his heirs; For, if you should, O, what would come of it! Fourth Citizen Read the will; we’ll hear it, Antony; You shall read us the will, Caesar’s will. ANTONY Will you be patient? will you stay awhile? I have o’ershot myself to tell you of it: I fear I wrong the honourable men Whose daggers have stabb’d Caesar; I do fear it. Fourth Citizen They were traitors: honourable men! Second Citizen They were villains, murderers: the will! read the will. ’ Page 10 â€Å" Julius Caesar† is usually ranked as a historical play but this is just a background for profound debates on friendship, honour ,and guilt. The real tragic hero of the play is not Julius Caesar who is betrayed and murdered but Brutus , a noble character who performed a fatal guilt( misjudgement and mistrust)for which he had to pay with his life . He is not punished by Moiras ( as it happens in the Greek tragedies )but takes his own life when realising his mistake. Even if Brutus is a professional orator, Mark Antony is a better master of wordsand of human weaknesses. Shakespeare practices his tremendous oratoric skills in the monologues of both Brutus and Antony. While Brutus uses merely oratoric devices and keeps a certain imposing distance between himself and his audience ( â€Å" Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman ? / If any, speak, for him have I offended â€Å" )Mark Antony gets closer to his audience ( even though rejected at first ) pretending he was one of them ( â€Å" Friends, Romans ,countryman, lend me your ears! †). The frequency of oratorical devices is very poor as he knows well these means are not common for simple people. He makes use of proverbs to appeal to their wisdom and sensitivity : â€Å"The evil that men do lives after them ; The good is often interred with their bones†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The grammatical devices of the English language seem to be more appropriate for his audience , as he knows their linguistic instinct will enable them to decode his message conveyed in fewer words but with the same hidden , subtle charge of meaning. Shakespeare selectively uses different types of structures ( like archaic vs. modern subjunctive ) when used by different representatives of various social strata. For showing DOUBT , the citizens use the old form of subjunctive (â€Å" If it be found so †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) while Antony , an educated man , uses the modern subjunctive( â€Å"If it were so†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). After getting their attention and benevolence by using friendly words and proverbs as indirect and gentle forms of reproach, Antony indirectly spread doubt ( by using a subjunctive ) upon the accusations brought by Brutus to Caesar (â€Å" If it were so†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) . He pretends to have been granted permission to speak but from now on he permanently counterbalances his words with those of Brutus, always preceded  by a disjunctive conjunction (but, yet) â€Å"But Brutus says he was ambitious †¦. Yet, Brutus says he was ambitious †¦. † which suggest opposition. His arguments are most of the times accompanied by emphatic DO used to stress upon the reality of his own words: â€Å" You all DID see how on the Lupercal I I thrice presented him the kingly crown And he DID thrice refuse: was this ambition? † or : â€Å"But here I am to speak what I DO know . You all DID love him once, not without cause : What cause withholds you then to mourn for him? † His reproaches to them are always indirectly addressed either as proverbs or as hidden hints towards their possible misjudgment or even as rhetoric questions addressed to some abstract personifications: â€Å"Oh, Judgment, though are fled to brutish beasts And man have lost their reason . † But he immediately draws their attention towards his own suffering : â€Å" Bear with me †¦ My heart is in the coffin, there, with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which allows them time to internalise his hints and draw the conclusions he had wanted them to come to. Even with the mob , Shakespeare creates different types of people as they really are around us : more or less intelligent , with a stronger or weaker personality, liable or stubborn. The first citizen represents the voice of popular wisdom : â€Å" Methinks there is much reason in his sayings †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. I fear it will a worse come in his place†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The second citizen is more educated then the others . His phrases a re molding after Antony’s even though he cannot reach his eloquence ; however he can have his own opinion : â€Å" If thou consider rightly to the matter  Page 11 Caesar has had great wrong†¦. † The third citizen does not have an opinion of his own but gladly borrows the others’ â€Å" Has he masters ? † The fourth citizen is a practical and direct person : â€Å"Mark’d ye his words? He would not take the crown; Therefore ‘tis certain he was not ambitious. â€Å" †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ You shall read us the will , Caesar’s will† Modal verbs are themselves masterly used to suggest more message than they seem. For instance , after mentioning the will of Caesar , Antony pretends not to intent to read it . He wanted to give them the impression that the conspirators forbid him to but he does not say it directly. He uses instead the model â€Å" must not† which obviously will be decoded as interdiction : â€Å" Have patience gentle friends, I MUST NOT read it. â€Å" He is so sly that he always pretends he does not want to do something when in fact this is exactly what he does, informing them about their being Caesar’s heirs, insinuating their state of mind ( â€Å" You are not wood, you are not stones ,but men, / And being men, hearing Caesar’s will/ It will inflame you , it will make you mad. † or â€Å" For if you should, oh, what would come of it†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) . And the results are soon to come: â€Å" They were traitors, honourable men They were villains, murderers: the will! † However, when he finds Brutus’ body on the battlefield, Antony weeps for his friend, praising his real virtues and showing he understood from the start Brutus’ motivation in joining the plot. ‘This was the noblest Romans of them all’[†¦ ] He , only , in a general honest thought And common good to all, made one of them His life was gentle , and the elements So mixed in him , that Nature might stand up And say to all the world : This was a man â€Å". The real gift of Shakespeare was the masterful use of language and the perfect knowledge of people and typologies . Everybody speaks according to the social strata they belong , their time and trade as well . This is what makes his characters so realistic and immortal. They personify and utter centuries old human passions, fears, sorrows, dreams, hopes, struggles and vices. They can always be real and this is what makes Shakespeare so special. Page 12 Richard III Richard III is an intense exploration of the psychology of evil, and that exploration is centered on Richard’s mind. Critics sometimes compare Richard to the medieval character, Vice, who was a flat and one-sided embodiment of evil. However, especially in the later scenes of the play, Richard proves to be highly self-reflective and complicated— making his heinous acts all the more chilling. Perhaps more than in any other play by Shakespeare, the audience of Richard III experiences a complex, ambiguous, and highly changeable relationship with the main character. Richard is clearly a villain—he declares outright in his very first speech that he intends to stop at nothing to achieve his nefarious designs. But despite his open allegiance to evil, he is such a charismatic and fascinating figure that, for much of the play, we are likely to sympathize with him, or at least to be impressed with him. In this way, our relationship with Richard mimics the other characters’ relationships with him, conveying a powerful sense of the force of his personality. Even characters such as Lady Anne, who have an explicit knowledge of his wickedness, allow themselves to be seduced by his brilliant wordplay, his skillful argumentation, and his relentless pursuit of his selfish desires. Richard’s long, fascinating monologues, in which he outlines his plans and gleefully confesses all his evil thoughts, are central to the audience’s experience of Richard. Shakespeare uses these monologues brilliantly to control the audience’s impression of Richard, enabling this manipulative protagonist to work his charms on the audience. In Act I, scene i, for example, Richard dolefully claims that his malice toward others stems from the fact that he is unloved, and that he is unloved because of his physical deformity. This claim, which casts the other characters of the play as villains for punishing Richard for his appearance, makes it easy to sympathize with Richard during the first scenes of the play. It quickly becomes apparent, however, that Richard simply uses his deformity as a tool to gain the sympathy of others—including us. Richard’s evil is a much more innate part of his character than simple bitterness about his ugly body. But he uses this speech to win our trust, and he repeats this ploy throughout his struggle to be crowned king. After he is crowned king and Richmond begins his uprising, Richard’s monologues end. Once Richard stops exerting his charisma on the audience, his real nature becomes much more apparent, and by the end of the play he can be seen for the monster that he is. When Richard claims that his deformity is the cause of his wicked ways, he seems to be manipulating us for sympathy, just as he manipulates the other characters throughout the play. As a result, Richard III does not explore the cause of evil in the human mind so much as it explores its operation, depicting the workings of Richard’s mind and the methods he uses to manipulate, control, and injure others for his own gain. Central to this aspect of the play is the idea that Richard’s victims are complicit in their own destruction. Just as Lady Anne allows herself to be seduced by Richard, even knowing that he will kill her, other characters allow themselves to be taken in by his charisma and overlook his dishonesty and violent behaviour. This tendency is echoed in Richard’s relationship with the audience for much of the play. Even though the audience is likely to be repulsed by Richard’s actions, his gleeful, brilliant, revealing monologues cause most viewers to like him and even hope that he will succeed despite his obvious malice. Page 13 GLOUCESTER Now is the winter of our discontent Made glorious summer by this sun of York; And all the clouds that lour’d upon our house In the deep bosom of the ocean buried. Now are our brows bound with victorious wreaths; Our bruised arms hung up for monuments; Our stern alarums changed to merry meetings, Our dreadful marches to delightful measures. Grim-visaged war hath smooth’d his wrinkled front; And now, instead of mounting barded steeds To fright the souls of fearful adversaries, He capers nimbly in a lady’s chamber To the lascivious pleasing of a lute. But I, that am not shaped for sportive tricks, Nor made to court an amorous looking-glass; I, that am rudely stamp’d, and want love’s majesty To strut before a wanton ambling nymph; I, that am curtail’d of this fair proportion, Cheated of feature by dissembling nature, Deformed, unfinish’d, sent before my time Into this breathing world, scarce half made up, And that so lamely and unfashionable That dogs bark at me as I halt by them; Why, I, in this weak piping time of peace, Have no delight to pass away the time, Unless to spy my shadow in the sun And descant on mine own deformity: And therefore, since I cannot prove a lover, To entertain these fair well-spoken days, I am determined to prove a villain And hate the idle pleasures of these days. Page 14 Hamlet HAMLET To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, ’tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish’d. To die, to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there’s the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause: there’s the respect That makes calamity of so long life; For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressor’s wrong, the proud man’s contumely, The pangs of despised love, the law’s delay. The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life, But that the dread of something after death, The undiscover’d country from whose bourn No traveller returns, puzzles the will And makes us rather bear those ills we have Than fly to others that we know not of? Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; And thus the native hue of resolution Is sickled o’er with the pale cast of thought, And enterprises of great pith and moment With this regard their currents turn awry, And lose the name of action. ’ Page 15 [†¦. ]POLONIUS:How does my good Lord Hamlet? HAMLET Well, God-a-mercy. LORD POLONIUS Do you know me, my lord? HAMLET Excellent well; you are a fishmonger. LORD POLONIUS Not I, my lord. HAMLET Then I would you were so honest a man. LORD POLONIUS Honest, my lord! HAMLET Ay, sir; to be honest, as this world goes, is to be one man picked out of ten thousand. LORD POLONIUS That’s very true, my lord. HAMLET For if the sun breed maggots in a dead dog, being a god kissing carrion,–Have you a  daughter? LORD POLONIUS I have, my lord. HAMLET Let her not walk i’ the sun: conception is a blessing: but not as your daughter may conceive. Friend, look to ‘t. LORD POLONIUS [Aside] How say you by that? Still harping on my daughter: yet he knew me not at first; he said I was a fishmonger: he is far gone, far gone: and truly in my youth I suffered much extremity for love; very near this. I’ll speak to him again. What do you read, my lord? HAMLET Words, words, words. LORD POLONIUS What is the matter, my lord? HAMLET Between who? Page 16 LORD POLONIUS I mean, the matter that you read, my lord. HAMLET Slanders, sir: for the satirical rogue says here.

Agreeing and disagreeing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Agreeing and disagreeing - Essay Example Michael Pollan and Mary Maxfield are among the many trying to educate the population on eating habits and diets. They seem to have completely different opinions on food as displayed in their articles, escape from western diet and resisting the moralization of eating. However, applying both their theories is a good option for anyone seeking to adopt better eating habits. I completely agree that people need to adopt eating habits that benefit their bodies. Healthy diets emphasize on low fat, low calories, whole grains, vegetables and fruits. Foods containing high levels of added sugars and salt, and cholesterol cause the body more harm than good. However, over indulgence on whole grain, vegetables and fruits may have negative effects. They also contain fats, sugars and cholesterol. Hence they might cause obesity or over weigh. Therefore, the intake of healthy food should also be controlled. This is by serving controlled portion sizes on plates. Adopting a healthy eating plan is necessary. However, it should be a gradual change as oppose to an abrupt change. Abrupt change leads to failure because any mistake triggers a slide into the old eating habits. A good eating plan involves eating all meals of the day in moderation. Eating foods that impact negatively on one’s health is unwise. Given a choice of right or wrong, every person is able to make their choice with adequate reasons. Mary Maxfield states,’ Trust you. Trust your body. Meet your needs (Gerald and Birkenstein, 11).’ It is quite easy to agree with her. Ultimately, each person makes a decision on their preferred food. If a person chooses the wrong food, they realize. However, if they prefer to eat it no one can stop them. Michel Pollan states three rules,’ Eat. Eat less. Eat mostly plants (Pollan â€Å"In Defense of Food: An Eaters Manifesto† 137).’ The 3 rules are reasonable. It is inevitable to eat, hence he encourages eating. He then moves on to caution people on

Requirements for the Corporate Computing Function Assignment

Requirements for the Corporate Computing Function - Assignment Example This allows the large pool of clients to be served and interact well with the staff in a real-time manner. This entails the necessity for on-demand allocation and provisioning of computer resources, provisioning of complex networks, and complex data storage resources. The management wants to start using cloud computing in a big way and has evaluated services from several vendors, but its affiliate company which could be either the provider of goods and services has limited its cloud usage so far because the economics are not yet suitable. Two reasons for this are the complexity of incorporating software from different vendors in the cloud, and the fact that the management would incur additional costs if it tried to handle the integration on its own (Corbatà ³, 2012). Unforeseen costs can also arise from the need to test the software before migrating to the cloud. The added expense may be due to the untangling of the maze of the versions of the operating systems and databases. It can cost the management tens of thousands of dollars per year in shifting large volumes of data to public cloud services and to store it over long periods of time. These costs are only unexpected if the management doesn’t fully understand the cloud model. For example, a CPU’s capacity and storage needs have costs which if well researched can be handled and be done in a more cost-effectively manner. iii). The importance of satisfying special computing needs regarding various departments is memory management which ultimately satisfies the protection, sharing, relocation and organization of data within the management of the organization. 3. The additional point to be included so as to address the topic of security as an inclusion in the mission statement is memory protection within the organizational management, to curb cyber crimes like intellectual property theft. Protection of memory is very critical in the operations of computer systems because it prohibits unauthorized

Australian Food and Nutrition Policy Research Paper

Australian Food and Nutrition Policy - Research Paper Example These diseases are now prevalent among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations. Lee et al (1994) investigated apparent per capita food and nutrient intake in six remote Australian Aboriginal communities. They found that in comparison to the rest of the Australian community, intake of sugars and sweetened soft drinks were much higher, and intake of whole grains, fruit and vegetables were much lower in Aboriginal communities. Furthermore, they found that white sugar, white flour, bread and meat provided over 50% of the apparent total energy intake for the people of these Aboriginal communities. The high intake of refined carbohydrates and the high percentage of energy intake from meat with excessive visible fat may help explain the prevalence of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease in Aboriginal communities. Hence there is a real need in these communities for a program that will help people modify their patterns of food consumption. A high fibre intake program is proposed to promote consumption of whole grains, vegetables and fruit in Aboriginal populatio n, in order to reduce the prevalence of diet-related diseases. To improve nutrition and public health ... s action plan has been developed for all Australians, and the promotion of Indigenous health is also included; the companion document to the EWA program is the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Nutrition Strategy and Action Plan (NATSINSAP). The proposed high fibre intake program is intended to reinforce the importance of a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grain products as outlined by the EWA program, and to improve the accessibility of these foods in remote and rural communities to meet the dietary needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Program aim The high fibre intake program aims to increase the intake of dietary fibre in Aboriginal communities by promoting consumption of whole grain products, fresh vegetables and fruit in order to reduce and eventually eliminate the health gap between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and the rest of the Australian population. It is hoped that modifying consumption patterns in this way will reduce the incidence of diet-related diseases in these populations. Program objectives Increase the availability of whole grain products in remote and rural food retail sectors. Increase the availability of fresh vegetable and fruit, and also increase the proportion of caned vegetables and fruit, or dry vegetables and fruit, and juices without added sugar in remote food retail sectors. Disseminate the concept of high fibre intake among the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. Promote a dietary shift from high fat and high refined carbohydrates to high fibre, low fat, and low refined carbohydrate in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations. Rationale A great deal of scientific research has been dedicated to the study of the relationship between dietary fibre and

Varying European and Native Motives and the Collision of Cultures in Essay

Varying European and Native Motives and the Collision of Cultures in North America - Essay Example Through the clashing of these interests and motives, a collision of cultures sprung up in North America, resulting in the multicultural society that is North America. The conflicting motives began at the initial stages of European invasion of North America. In 1666, George Alsop asserted that poor Europeans should come to America as indentured servants bound by legal contracts that reflected debts or purchase obligation. On the contrary, Gottlieb Mittelberger was of the opinion that poor Europeans should not come to America as indentured servants. This thus paper explores the influence that the natives’ and the Europeans’ motives had on the collision of cultures in North America (Dudley & Chalberg, 1996). The Motives The clashing of the natives’ and the colonists’ interests and motives has been described by historians and political scientists as a major factor in the current collision of cultures in North America. In fact, the collision of cultures has per meated various aspects of peoples’ lives in North America including food, religion, law, political dispensation and art such as music and literature (Henretta & Brody, 2009). Importantly, it is noteworthy that the collision of cultures occurred as the largely diversified immigrants came from all corners of the world. The motives of the natives and the Europeans were equally diverse. While some of these immigrants came for economic reasons, others came for religious and political motives such as to colonize the Americas. Consequently, there had to be struggles among the natives and the Europeans who formed the bulk of the immigrants coming into North America. These collisions of cultures took different forms ranging from ethnic, religious, economic, and political dimensions. Importantly, it should be noted that the conflicting interests did not only pit native North Americans and the European immigrants against each other but there were also conflicts with African slaves in No rth America and the other nations with vested interests in North America (Henretta & Brody, 2009). Fortunately, the efforts made by all the stakeholders to reduce the cultural, political, religious, and economic conflicts of interests have made North America the multicultural society it is today. The European Colonization of North America The European colonization of North America and the enslavement of West Africans presented a collision of the three cultures that had been developing and existing at different lines since time immemorial. Central to the collision of these cultures were the various individual and collective/national ambitions and impulses of the European colonists and North American Natives. Among the goals targeted by the colonizers of the New World for which their ambitions were burning included long-standing demographic changes, religious expansion, international rivalries and economic gains. At the forefront in the efforts for religious changes were the Protestan t Reformists who wanted to spread their religion to the New World. The collision of cultures in North America thus not only yielded biological exchanges but also new religious dispensations that re-defined both the Old and New Worlds (Henretta & Brody, 2009). The attitudes of the immigrating colonizers towards the Native Americans and the African slaves were thus shaped by their

How Immigration Influences the Economic Issues Essay

How Immigration Influences the Economic Issues - Essay Example However, I personally believe that immigrants are proving beneficial for improving the economies of the developed countries. Stand Essay Apart from increase in the rate of crimes and drug trafficking because of some immigrants, there are also some very beneficial aspects of immigrations. People should not think negative of all immigrants because nature and activities of every person are not the same. It is only a small number of immigrants who are actually involved in criminal activities. Some news reports and researches say that 12 to 15 percent of immigrants are actually involved in illegal activities. The major part of the immigrants is very peaceful and does not take any step against the laws of the country. Such immigrants are very much concerned about their own image in the society as well as the image of their home nations. To maintain a good image, they follow the laws of the country and respect every individual they meet. Most of the immigrants are hardworking and careful in dividuals who obey the social, political, and labor laws and regulations of the foreign countries. Immigrants also help the countries improve their economies by helping them increase their GDPs. In the United States, news reports confirm that U.S. GDP increase by 0.75 percent annually due to large-scale immigrations. Immigrants work with full dedication and commitment wherever employed. They are very productive for the companies, which hire them because they have constant desire to earn money by working effectively and efficiently for they companies. Some of the immigrants include highly experienced surgeons, engineers, and professors who come to the United States to provide their high quality services to the local people. Researches prove that immigrant doctors and teachers play a valuable role in providing proper healthcare and educational needs to the local people and overcoming the labor shortage present in these professions. My personal experiences with immigrants have always b een good. A small group of Asian immigrants lives in my neighborhood. They have always helped me whenever and wherever my family and I needed it. For example, one day my younger brother was playing with his friends on the street next to my house. While they were playing, a motorcyclist appeared on the street. He was driving his motorcycle at a very a high speed. Suddenly my brother came in range of the motorcyclist who was just going to hit my brother. In the meantime, one of the immigrants rushed towards him and dragged him away of the motorcyclist’s range. That was the moment I realized that immigrants are very kind and supportive people. Opposition Essay In this part of the paper, we will see immigration to the United States from opposition’s point of view. It is a fact that a major part of the illegal immigrants living in the United States is originally from Mexico. Researches prove that approximately 13.2 million illegal immigrants living in the United States are Mexican-Americans. Increase in the number of crimes and drug trafficking are two of the most significant problems caused by the immigrants in the United States of America. Increase is the number of crimes is one of the major drawbacks associated with immigrations. Some percentage of the immigrants

Acinetobacter baumannii Killer Hospital Bacteria Essay

Acinetobacter baumannii Killer Hospital Bacteria - Essay Example Further, it provided a means of warning to the potential patient to be wary of the symptoms that such bacteria could exhibit. In terms of additional questions that could be asked as a means of understanding the information represented to a further and more complete degree, it is the view of this reviewer that the article should have discussed mortality rates in terms of the bacteria in question. This would have provided the reader with a baseline of understanding as to how dangerous it truly is. Finally, information provided by the CDC as well as a litany of other health related websites is beneficial in understanding this particular type of bacteria and its level of danger to a more specific level and degree. Further, the information can in fact be related to ongoing information that is represented within the news; as it is quite common for local news stations or newspapers to report on individuals that have gone into the hospital for a relatively minor issue or operation and then become infected with a very strong strain of bacteria or even staph infection.

UK Car Scrappage Scheme Essay Example for Free

UK Car Scrappage Scheme Essay Under the UK scrappage scheme, a 2000 incentive is paid to motorists who scrap cars registered before the 31st august 1999 to buy a new car. half of the money is paid by the government and half by the car industry. The scheme will run from mid may 2009 to march 2010, depending on its fixed government budget of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½300 million runs out sooner. The government have announced earlier this year its car and van scrappage scheme. The motorists who will scrap their 10-year-old cars will get a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000 (or more) incentive toward buying a new car. The government will pay à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1000 pounds and participating manufacturers will contribute à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1000 pounds or more if they choose to do so (Rutherford, 2009). The new car scrappage scheme has big impacts. Not only on the new car industry or on financial status of buyers, but it has impact on several other industries in the UK. This essay will firstly display and show the effects of the governments new scrappage scheme on the market for new cars, supported by diagrams and some details. Then the essay will show the impact of the new scheme on the second hand car market, the car repair market and the scrap metal market. The essay also will show if this policy will have a beneficial or detrimental effect on the environment. Then will illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of the UK car scrappage scheme and concluding whether if it is a good policy or otherwise. The market for new cars: Looking at the economic theories, we can see that when there is a change in price there will be change and demand and therefore change in supply, In other words, when price increases the quantity demanded will decrease. And when price decreases the quantity demanded will increase. But the movement will be along the demand curve not movement of the curve itself. Here we have a contribution of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000 pounds, which will mean that eligible customers will get a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000 discount on the value of a new car. According to demand theory, if the price drops, the quantity demanded will rise. Therefore, as prices of new cars dropped by à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2000 the demand on new cars market will increase. The diagram below shows how the demand on the market of new cars will react after having the à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000 pounds scrap scheme: From the diagram we can see that the quantity demanded was 10000 unit (or cars) when the price of a car is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 10000 pounds. After the government scrap scheme, the price has decreased to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 8000 pounds and the quantity demanded has increased to 13000 unit (or car). The market for second hand cars: Second hand cars are substitutes to new cars, and according to the theory of demand and supply. If there is a change in any factor other than price, that will cause a change in demand and also a shift of the curve because second hand cars are substitutes to new cars. Having said that, the government is offering à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000 pounds scrap money toward buying a new car. The demand on the market of second hand car will fall, causing a drop in prices of used cars. The diagram below will show the effect of the governments scarp scheme on second hand car market: The demand curve which represents the demand on second hand cars has shifted to the left because after the government has introduced the new scheme, many people started to buy new cars, and because new cars are substitutes of second hand cars the curve of demand on the second hand cars has shifted to the left causing a lower demand and lower quantity demanded. The effect of the governments cars scrap scheme on the car repair market: Although that the governments new scrappage scheme has helped many people to buy cheaper new cars, and also has helped many industries to gain high profits and to be a lot more active after the rescission. The government scheme has motivated more people to scrap their old car which are often break down and often needed repair. The repair market has been hit. Because fewer people come to repair their old cars and instead they just scrap them and get a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2000 pounds toward their next new car. But on the other hand, in next few years repair market will gain it power again as more cars will be aging. But for now, new cars will most likely be repaired by the dealers. The diagram below shows the effect of the government scrappage scheme on the cars repair market: The effect of the governments scheme on the scrap metal market: The governments car scrappage scheme will have a big effect on the market of scrap metal. The government have set à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 300 million pounds for about 300,000 scrap order in the period between May 2009 and March 2010. And as far as 28th September 2009 there were 227,750 orders have been placed already according to the BBC (2009). So in a period of 4 months there were almost 230,000 cars to scrap, which will mean there is a lot of scrapped metal which will hopefully lead to push the scrapped metal prices down in the local or the national market. However, it maybe increases the scrap metal exports to other countries such as china. The graph below show (A) national market how it might be affected. and (B) the exports to other countries. P National market (A) P Exports to other countries. (B) Consider whether the policy is likely to have a beneficial or detrimental effect on the environment: As its been claimed that up to 85% from the cars scrap is recyclable, this is good. Being able to Recycling 85% of the old car is better for the environment than building a new one without using any recycled materials. Also, the government is encouraging people to buy new cars which produce fewer emissions and consume less fuel. According to guardian.co.uk (2009) The governments car scrappage scheme has had a surprisingly positive environmental effect. Motorists buying new cars through the scheme, which was introduced at this years budget, are opting for greener and smaller models than the average new car buyer, industry figures reveal. And they add Scrappage buyers were also three times more likely than average to buy the smallest class of car minis such as the Smart Fortwo and a third more cars bought through the scheme were larger super-minis such as the Hyundai i10. New cars bought through the scheme had average CO2 emissions of 131.1g/km CO2, 27.4% below the average CO2 (181.9g/km CO2) of the scrapped cars. (Guardian, 2009). Outline the advantages and disadvantages of the scheme and consider whether, on balance, the UK car scrappage scheme is a good policy: There are some advantages in the new cars scrappage scheme. However, the governments new scheme has few disadvantages too. But I will concentrate the attention more on the Benefits of this project. For instance, the government announced that between May 2009 and March 2010 they will help 300,000 people to scrap their old cars and get a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2000 cheaper new car. That means more people will have better and more modern cars. Also recently the government have declare that they will invest an extra à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 100 million pounds which will hopefully help another 100,000 car to get scrapped and their owners get a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2000 toward a new car which will make a total of 400,000 cars being scrapped and à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 400 million being spent by the government and 400,000 new cars in the streets. (direct.gov.uk, 2009) And if 400,000 new car extra being sold means that the policy helped British (and European) manufacturers to sell more cars and gain more profit after the crisis. Also means that they will secure more repair jobs for those people who bought new cars in the upcoming months and years. And one of the big advantages is that by replacing 400,000 old cars by new cars we reduce the gas emissions, which are the main cause of the global warming. To sum up, in my opinion, the governments car scrappage scheme has been a successful project and it helped many people to replace their old cars with new better once. Also it helps many industries and car dealers to go out of rescission. Even though that some other firms have suffered from it, I would say that it is a vital project, good for car buyers, car dealers and other attached firms and of course first of all, it is good for the environment. BIBLIOGRAPHY: * BBC, 2009,Scrappage scheme to be extended,[online]updated 28th September 2009, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8278679.stm * Direct.Gov, 2009. The vehicle discount scheme- money off your new vehicle[online] available at 11th November 2009, http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Motoring/BuyingAndSellingAVehicle/AdviceOnBuyingAndSellingAVehicle/DG_177693 * Rutherford, M. ,The telegraph, 2009, Scrappage scheme explained,[online] updated 15th May 2009, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/news/5330112/Scrappage-scheme-explained.html * Vaughan A,2009 Car scrappage scheme sparks switch to greener vehicles, The guardian [ internet] 22nd October 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/oct/22/scrappage-scheme-green-cars [accessed 09/11/2009]